Stavropol region. An old-geographic area about Russian Federation found in the main region away from Subcaucasia, between your Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban region) into the west, the Terek region into the southeast, the Don area on northern, new Kalmyk Independent Republic on the northeast, plus the places of one’s Caucasian hill individuals south and you will southwest. The brand new Stavropol area fundamentally matches for the region to the former Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 border, 59,500 sq km) and also the later on Stavropol krai, quicker the fresh new Karachai-Cherkess Independent SlovГЁne filles pour le mariage oblast (66,five-hundred sq km).
Actual topography. The big portion of the Stavropol part are occupied by the Stavropol Upland; the newest minor portion keeps elements of the brand new Caspian Lowland on the eastern, the Kuma-Manych Depression in the northern, therefore the foothills of Caucasus Hills throughout the southwest. The newest environment of your own Stavropol area is transformation, of moderate continental regarding western to dryer and more continental on the eastern. The higher of those through the Yegorlyk (hence flows into Manych), brand new Kalaus, the fresh new Kuma, in addition to Kuban and its top tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk additionally the Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk canals). River water is employed to possess irrigation. Brief, primarily saline ponds are plentiful; the greatest is the slim however, 160-km-a lot of time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the located Stavropol part remained sparsely populated because of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-talking some body) and you will Kalmyk individuals (an excellent Mongol-speaking group), exactly who to each other designated about 80,000
This new soils regarding west and you will main an element of the Stavropol part was certain chernozems and you will chestnut grounds; to the eastern and you may northeast it be white chestnut. The new natural flowers together with changes eastward which have declining moisture, regarding meadow fescuefeather grass steppe so you can dry fescuefeather turf steppe and semidesert plants out-of wormwood, deceased fescue, and feather grass. About more moist the main Stavropol Upland along with the fresh Caucasus mountain tops the fresh pure vegetation was forest-steppe having pine-hornbeam-beech forest. Now both steppe plus the tree-steppe are nearly entirely cleared having farming.
Record. Regarding the mid-16th century the Caucasus in addition to Stavropol area started to been on connection with Muscovite colonization. On the 16th and you can seventeenth ages Subcaucasia knowledgeable the brand new beginnings out-of Cossack colonization (the newest Don Cossacks about west as well as the Terek Cossacks when you look at the the brand new east). Caucasian mountain individuals, the fresh new Karachai and Cherkess, lived-in this new foothills of one’s area.
Early in the newest 18th century the fresh new Stavropol region nominally became an element of the Russian Empire. Long lasting agreements, yet not, were not depending through to the history one-fourth of one’s century, when, during the 177780, the fresh Russian authorities dependent a line of forts, new Mozdok-Azov line, that have head office at Stavropol, to help you support the Caucasian slope individuals. Because of the 1785 the fresh Stavropol region designed element of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated a beneficial gubernia in the 1802. After the several label change it absolutely was appointed while the Stavropol gubernia inside 1847. Their borders was in the long run repaired when you look at the 1861, if this was broke up of Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (due to the fact 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Until the 1930s the fresh new Stavropol area is paid by the each other Ukrainians and you can Russians, and constituted a part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The latest Russian regulators promoted the new quick colonization of Stavropol region so you can establish a bottom having armed forces techniques throughout the Caucasus. Part of one point try attained by the fresh new granting of choice tracts of homes in order to Russian noblemen, exactly who paid them with their serfs. A very tall cause for colonization, however, was the new spontaneous settlement because of the county peasants have been unimpeded because of the brand new main bodies. Indeed the latest imperial government legalized extant claims into the ukase out-of 1804 and you will given service to the people who had paid inside the the fresh new Stavropol part. Towards the end of your 1850s the people regarding Stavropol gubernia got increased to 340,000 (5.5 individuals per sq km). Their only area, Stavropol, became from around step 3,000 people in 1800 so you can 17,600 residents within the 1853. The quintessential densely paid areas were the fresh new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk in addition to Kalaus canals and the Kalaus Lake area. The populace of Stavropol gubernia (along with Terek oblast) within the 1853 consisted of forty eight.7 per cent Cossacks, thirty two percent county peasants, sixteen.dos percent nomadic herders, and you may 3.one percent serfs although some.
